10^th International Congress on Infectious Diseases February 22-23, 2023 London, UK

Biography:

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly identified strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). This strain is responsible for respiratory infections in humans.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma (CP) therapy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases.

Design: This was an experimental trial of COVID-19 patients treated with convalescent plasma (CP) therapy, these patients were admitted in Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan during April 24 to august 24, 2021.

Findings: Pearson correlation was applied to extract the efficacy of convalescent plasma therapy (CP). A p-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. 16 out of 20 patients (80%) were completely recovered from COVID-19.

Conclusion: Convalescent plasma (CP) proved to be an effective and safe therapy for confirmed cases of COVID-19. However, two critically ill patients died.

Keywords: COVID-19, Convalescent plasma (CP) therapy, Symptoms, Critically ill.

Abstract:

Director Research Laboratory, Post Graduate Medical Institute & Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan

Biography:

Objective: To evaluate the spectrum of antibacterial activity of plants growing in the central part of the Republic of Tajikistan.

Methods: The antibacterial properties of 18 plant species from the 14 families were studied. The extract samples on dry filter discs were prepared according to the method developed at Rutgers University. Screens-to-Nature (STN) and disc diffusion (DD) methods were used to assess antimicrobial properties of the extracts. The antimicrobial activity of plant extracts was determined against four types of pathogenic standard museum strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as by using the same types of microorganisms isolated from inpatients (the hospital strains).

Results: Ethanol extract from leaves of Artemisia absinthium demonstrated a broad-spectrum high degree of antimicrobial activity against both reference and hospital strains of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. The Morus nigra extract also showed broad-spectrum activity, however overall antibacterial activity was lower than in A. absinthium. In general, tested extracts were less effective against E. coli. None of the 18 tested extracts showed activity against K. pneumoniae.

Conclusions: Artemisia absinthium and Morus nigra have a broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect and differ only in the degree of activity. The extracts of Amaranthus tricolor and Arctium tomentosum, Indigofera tinctoria, Punica granatum were characterized by a somewhat narrower spectrum of action. Mentha arvensis and Allium suworowii had approximately the same degree of inhibitory abilit

Abstract:

Saidbeg Satorov, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Virology, Medical-Social Institute of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan

Biography:

Introduction:  We aimed to explore the medium-long term impacts of Anti-Retroviral Treatment on Hypertension in a sample of HIV-positive in Malawi.

Methodology: This was a retrospective case control study carried out at Disease Relife with Excellent and Advanced Means (DREAM) health Centre in Blantyre/Malawi on enrolled and followed up patients from 2005 to 2019. Information about age, gender, blood pressure, ART regimen, BMI, CD4 count, Viral load, Biochemistry, hemoglobine, marital status, education, survival and period on AntiRetroviral drugs were retrieved from data base from  01/01/2006 to 31/12/2015.  In total, we enrolled (alive and on HAART) 1350 patients > 18 years (mean age: 43.4 and the SD was ±10.7 with 1031 (65.9%) females and 534 (34.1%) males who were taking (or have taken) ARVs for more than 6 months at the date of enrolment. Patients were not affected by hypertension or potentially related diseases like Renal failure at the beginning of ART. The mean observation time from the HAART initiation was 77 months per person (SD±40).

Results: The sample was made up by two groups of patients, 675 who developed hypertension and 675 who did not, with similar age and gender composition.  Among patients with hypertension, 30/675 (4.4%) developed a stage 3 hypertension, 154 a stage 2 (22.8%) and 491 a stage 1 (72.8%). Hypertension stages were not associated to statistic significant differences of age and/or gender (p=0.422, p=0.281 respectively). At baseline, patients who developed hypertension showed higher hemoglobin, higher CD4 count and lower VL (P<0.001). Patients on AZT-based regimen and TDF-based regimen were at high risk to develop hypertension while PI-based regimen was protective to hypertension (P<0.001). In a multivariate analysis, factors independently associated to Hypertension were higher CD4 count and Body Mass Index at the visit date, while Baseline Viral Load and PI-Including regimes were protective factors. Education level was inversely associated with risk of hypertension, while being married was associated of risk of hypertension (p<0.001). Mortality rate among hypertensive patients was 1.6% for those treated for hypertension against the 3.6% for those not treated.

Conclusion: this study shows a protective action of PI-including regimens compared with AZT based regimen that is associated to an increased risk of hypertension. Factors related to a better general health status are associated to a higher risk of hypertension as well as lower education, older age and male gender. Treatment should be started as soon as Hypertension stages 2-3 are reached and control by behavioral factors is no longer effective.

Abstract:

SAGNO Jean Baptiste is an HIV expert who have been working on HIV field for more than 16 years: He came up with this research as his PhD to show the cardiovascular risk related to HIV medium and long treatment: He has been also involved in so many researches he is also an HIV third line consultant at Ministry of health of MALAWI through HIV DEPARTMENT; He is currently working with MSF Belgium as senior medical officer for advanced HIV diseases in the Democratic republic of Congo 

Biography:

Statement of the Problem: Viral infections, such as EBV, CMV, mumps, SARS-CoV-2, HIV, rubella and others) are the most common cause of an upper respiratory tract infections (RTI) with lymphadenopathy (LP) in human population worldwide. Early and accurate detection of the viral presence in patient sample is crucial for appropriate treatment and prevention. Molecular techniques, such as conventional and real-time PCR provide rapid viral detection and are an “gold standard”. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors also are a promising alternative for highly sensitive and specific detection of viral infections. The purposes of this study were: 1) to assess the prevalence of CMV, EBV, mumps and SARS-CoV-2 infectious among patients with upper RTI and (LP) for one-year period (2022) by demonstrating of presence of viral DNA/RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs (NpS) and 2) to evaluate the performance of the SPR-based assay for diagnostic of SARS-CoV-2.

Methodology: We tested NpS samples from 85 patients, collected at 2022 with diagnosis upper RTI and LP from different hospitals of the country, with a mean age of 39 ± 13.9 years. Real-time PCR and cPCR were used to diagnose the fourth viruses. SPR-based assay was performed parallel for diagnostic of SARS-CoV-2.

Findings: A positive EBV real-time PCR result was detected in 6 patient samples (7,1%), mumps virus RNA in 2 patients (2,4%), CMV DNA in 1 NpS (1,2%). The 13 patients had positive real-time PCR signal for SARS-CoV-2 (15,3%), confirmed in 10 NpS samples (77%) with SPR-based assay. No co-infection between tested viruses were observed in this study. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and EBV were higher than the other tested viruses.

Conclusion: We have concluded that SPR-based biosensor assay holds huge potential for rapid viral detection. The obtained results for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis are comparable to those of PCR, providing fast and high specific detection of SARS-CoV-2 and thereby helping in disease control.

Acknowledgment: This research was funded by Bulgarian National Science Fund, grand number КP-06-DК 1/10 from 29/03/2021 with the title: "Study of the interaction of specific structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 with biologically active molecules and their application for the creation of rapid antigen tests for early diagnosis of Covid-19"

Abstract:

Petia Genova-Kalou received his M.S. degree in Molecular Biology from Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridki”, Bulgaria and Ph.D. degree on SOCRATES-ERASMUS exchange program from Sofia University and University of Ioannina, Greece in the field of Virology. She has specialization of “Clinical Virology” in Medical University – Sofia. She has worked part-time at Hellenic Pasteur Institute Greece (2006 – 2007), at the National Hellenic Research Foundation, Greece (2007) and National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria (currently). During this period P. Genova-Kalou was involved in study of antiviral effect of different newly synthesized and natural compounds in cell culture, diagnostic of herpes and oncogenic viruses, epidemiology and molecular study and diagnostics of rickettsiae. She is the author and co-author of over 60 scientific articles and over 200 reports.

Biography:

Kunal Joon has done MSc in genetics and virology, working on virus for 5 years discovered its treatment and found it as living.

Abstract:

Introduction: A viral test is done to find infection causing viruses. Viruses grow only in living cells. Viruses causes disease by destroying or damaging the cells they infect, damaging the body’s immune system Changing the genetic material (DNA) of the cells they infect or causing inflammation that can damage an organ. Viruses cause many types of diseases, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), cold sores, chicken pox, measles, flu and some types of cancer.

Aim: To prove virus living.

Materials Required: Blood samples of two different animals.

Theory: Two blood signatures of two animal combine when large amount of iron is added with two animal DNA signature and hormones are mixed with each other. By this way new type of hormones and blood signature is created.

Procedure:

1. Take blood samples of two animals.
2. Mix their hormones with animals.
3. Mix iron with in blood solution.
4. Inject in frog.

Results:

1. Frog shows some changes in it.
2. Blood hormones get mixed with it.
3. DNA signature combined.

Precautions:

1. Use liquid iron oxide and mix it slowly.
2. Use living frog and wait for some days or hours.

Observation: Animal shows different characteristics as compare to other animals.